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Almost everyone agrees that America's urban schools are a mess. But while this agreement has fostered widespread support for aggressive reform, Frederick Hess argues that much of what ails urban education is actually the result of continuous or fragmentary reform. Hess explains that political incentives drive school superintendents to promote reforms--to demonstrate that they are "making a difference." Superintendents have to do this quickly, both because their tenure is usually three years or less and because urban communities are anxious to see educational improvement. However, the nature of urban school districts makes it very difficult to demonstrate concrete short-term improvement. The result is what he terms "policy churn," which distracts teachers and principals from efforts to refine classroom teaching while seldom resulting in successful long-term changes. Hess argues that policymakers have misallocated resources by pursuing the "right" structure or the "best" pedagogy while paying insufficient attention to the more mundane--and more important--questions of how to implement, refine, and sustain a particular approach in their particular district. Hess explains that previous research on high-performing schools suggests that the best schools are characterized by focus and by an ability to develop expertise in specific approaches to teaching and learning. To help educators and policymakers adopt and nurture a focused agenda, he recommends institutional changes that increase the effectiveness of performance outcomes and reduce the incentives to emphasize symbolic reform. Spinning Wheels The Politics Of Urban School Reform Spinning Wheels The Politics Of Urban School Reform ... spinning wheels the politics of urban school reform spinning wheels the politics of urban school reform ... Spinning Wheels: The Politics of Urban School Reform ... Spinning Wheels: The Politics of Urban School ... or fragmentary reform. Hess explains that political incentives ... urban school districts ... Spinning Wheels The Politics Of Urban School Reform Spinning Wheels The Politics Of Urban School Reform File Archived ... Spinning Wheels The Politics Of Urban School Reform Author Spinning Wheels: The Politics of Urban School Reform ... Spinning Wheels: The Politics of Urban School Reform [Frederick M. Hess] ... Spinning Wheels: The Politics of Urban School Reform. by ... Spinning Wheels: The Politics of Urban School Reform book ... Spinning Wheels: The Politics of Urban School Reform by Frederick M Hess starting at $0.99. Spinning Wheels: ... Spinning Wheels: The Politics of Urban School Reform :: by ... Spinning Wheels The Politics of Urban School ... actually the result of continuous or fragmentary reform. Hess explains that political incentives drive school ... Spinning Wheels: The Politics of Urban School Reform by ... Spinning Wheels has 9 ratings and 1 review. David said: ... Start by marking Spinning Wheels: The Politics of Urban School Reform as Want to Read: Spinning wheels : the politics of urban school reform ... Spinning wheels : the politics of urban school reform. ... reform --The effectiveness of urban school reform --The spinning wheels of ... Spinning wheels : ...
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